Picturing Theology, Revised Edition

Picturing Theology, Revised Edition | 161

D. Moral argument – People of different cultures and beliefs recognize certain basic moral values and obligations. 1. These universal values cannot be reduced to mere conventions. 2. These do not emerge from the material universe. 3. We can, therefore, posit a personal, moral being as the source of all moral values and as the One to whom all moral beings are ultimately responsible. II. Facts about Natural Theology A. Most prevalent in Catholic theology B. Calvinistic theology : believes in a general revelation of God in nature and providence 1. Spoke of ‘divinity’ or ‘sense of God’ which was ‘the seed of religion’ 2. For sure and certain knowledge of God we must turn to the Word of God in Scripture C. Karl Barth : rejected all natural theology on the grounds that God reveals himself in his Word, and is pointless to look elsewhere D. Emil Brunner : argued for a natural theology based on such ideas as the image of God, general revelation, preserving grace, divine ordinances, point of contact, and the contention that race does not abolish nature but perfects it. III. Dualism A. A dualism exists when there are two substances, or powers, or modes, neither of which is reducible to the other. 1. Monism – there is only one substance, power, or mode. 2. Twins of all things B. Four different contexts (God and creation) 1. Identifying God with his creation a. Metaphysical pantheism b. Mystical connection