The Ancient Witnesses

Chapter 2: The Time Before Time • 85

Otherwise, they would be shaped by an external will into something they were never intended to be. 25 “Whatever His reasons,” Origen continued, “while a great and distinguished order of celestial beings—the good angels—is arrayed in the glory of their offices, the same is true of the Enemy’s forces who, occupying evil ranks, became principalities, powers, rulers of the darkness of the world, spirits of wickedness, malignant spirits, or unclean demons. These were not created evil, but they have become so by choice and by their progress in wickedness.” 26 As we pondered his words, Origen sat back down. Thanking each of the Fathers for their contributions to the first session, Mentor announced a break, after which we all sang an ancient doxology. Some of the witnesses kept their seats while others returned to various sections of the Athenaeum. “I need to get back and prepare for class!” said Father Greg, remembering the time. He went to thank Mentor, and I wondered if we would have to leave the Athenaeum also. “Are you leaving now?” asked Joseph, when Father Greg returned. “Not just yet,” he said. “What changed your mind?” asked Cesar. “Mentor asked me if I had a better place to prepare to teach about the Church Fathers,” said the priest, “and I had to admit I do not.”

25 Origen , On First Principles II.1.2, paraphrased. (ANF 4, 268).

26 Origen, On First Principles I.8.4. (ANF 4, 266).